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Leaders of the Mongol Empire

 

    He was born near the border of Siberia and Mongolia as Temujin. His father was the leaader of the tribe, and a great warrior. During this time life of the Siberian tundra was rough. He did not have an easy upbringing, everyday on the tundra was a day spent fighting to survive. His personall story was one of any true victors. 

     Before Khan united the different tribes, there was much conflict between them. His family's tribe, along with a rivaling one, had a dispute going back generations. When his father was poisoned by the enemy clan the Tatars, Temjin's family was abondoned. As he grew older his hatred grew, and his desire to lead his family began to take place. So much that he killed his older half-brother to do so. He believed that he had some kind of "divine destiny". That he was destined to rule. His hardships were not over, at one point he was taken and enslaved by his former clan. He evantaully escaped. 

     Although he was a great leader, he did have a love life. He married a woman from a different tribe named, Borte, in 1178. Together they had four sons who would later gain and share his empire once he died, it is unknown how many daughters they possesed. (At one point his wife was kidnapped, and he had to rescue her). This was not his only lover though, he was quite the womanizer, and did not just conquer all of Asia. He is said to have many decendents. 

    Finally in 1206, he is renamed as Genghis Khan, and united the nomadic tribes of the Mongolian plateu. This would cause the social structure the society currently had to fall. Never before had the different tribes of the steppes been united. Soon after this he destroyed the Tatar clan when they did not comply. No one could stand in his way. Khan would go on to create the largest land empire in the history of the world. Many bodies would fall in his wake, and he would leave a blood stained path wherever he went. 

  

 

 

 

 

 

Genghis Khan 

Ögödei Khan 

    Ögödei was in charge of all four of Genghis's sons, even though he was not the oldest. He died due to drinking, and gave his wife, Toregene the throne. (The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica, "Ögodei Mongol Khan")

Death: 1241: Third son to Genghis Khan 

1167-1227

Kublai Khan 

  Although he did commited many henous crimes, he did do good things as well. He granted his empire relgious tolerance, and advertised the arts. He also abolished toture, even though he himself tortured. Khan would also creat the first internation postal system. By the end of his life he had many accomplishments under his belt.

    He died on one of military campaigns against the Chinese Kingdom XI Xia. His place of burial is unkown. It was typical of the Mongols to bury their leaders humbly. After his death the territories were inherited by his four sons. His third son, Ögedei Khan, was in charge of him all.  (May, “The Mongol Empire in World History”)

Güyük Khan 

    He was the third Khan for the Mongol empire. He was a grandson of Genghis Khan, and the first born son of Ögedei. Güyük was a supporter of Christianity, and it was believed that he was not particularly fond of Islam.  ("Güyük Khan")

1206-1248 Grandson of Genghis Khan, son of  Ögedei Khan

Jöchi 

Date of Death:1227  Oldest son of Genghis Khan 

    Jochi was the oldest son of Genghis Khan. He and his father's relationship turned sour, and he stopped participating in his father's Military campaings. After his death his sons were give his land, one formed the White Horde, Orda, and his second son fored the Golden Horde. (The Editros of Encyclopædia Britannica, "Jöchi")

Chagatai 

Date of Death 1241 Second Oldest Son of Genghis Khan 

    He fathered many children, and his inherited land was Kashgaria, and a majority of Transoxania.  

    He orchestrated the assault on the Jin dynasty in northern China, along with the Song dynasty in Southern China. Ögedei also contributed to the fall of Kiev, helping the Mongols finally take Russian without insurgency. 

Tolui 

Fourth son of Genghi Khan 

    Since he was the youngest, he gained the Mongol homeland. Tolui was married to a woman named Boke, and would later have the sons; Mongke Khan, Kublai Khan, Hulagu Khanm and Arik Boke. Some of them would on to have succeful careers and become khans themselves. 

"Leades aren't born they are made. And they are made just like anything else, through hard work. And that 's the price we'll have o pay to achieve that goal, or any goal." - Vince Lombardi 

Genghis Khan 

Batu Khan 

1215 - 1294 Grandson of Genghis Khan, son of  Tulë

    He took took a majority of the European land that the Mongol empire had gained. He withdrew from the invasion of Europe because of the death of Ogadai, so he could attempt to become the next Khan. (If this had not happened Europe would have been taken).  Batu helped the Mongol empire take Kiev. He created the state of the Golden Horde. (The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica, "Batu Mongol Ruler")

    He was a grandson of Genghis Khan. He is also referred to as the “Great Khan,"  Kublai orchestrated several invasions upon Japan, on upon Kyushu (a Japanese island in the south). Both of which were failures.

    Like many Khans he instated new things. He created paper money as a system of currency, and instated for a different alphabet. He would have ruled during the Pax Monogolica (a period of peace in the Mongol Empire). Kublai met Marco Polo. Kublai also combined China with the Mongol Empire. Although the culture were kept relatively apart, different custons were switched back and fourth. This intertwined culture would be the Yüan Dynasty. This would be the first time a non-Chinese person ruled over China.

 

Death: 1255 Grandson of Genghis Khan, son of  Jochi

Territory: The Golden Horde 

    During this period of ruling the Mongol were at the top of the four teared social class. Although he did have many acomplishments he did lead to the fall of his own empire by making the relationship with the Chinese rougher.  Those who did not enjoy having the Mongol goverment would later go on to side with other insurgents, which would evauntully lead to the fall of the empire. 

Subtai 

    He was one of the four advisers of Genghis Khan. Subtai was a great military strategist. He allowed the empire's military to grow and was the "cheif strategist."  Subtai also advised many other mongol leaders, such as Ögödei and Güyük. He would go on to live until his seventh years.  Although he was not a Khan, he was still very crucial to the Mongol Empire because of his military skill. (Poisuo, The Mongols)

Famous Women in the Mongol Empire 

Borte Ujin 

    Borte and Temujin, later to become Genghi Khan, had an arranged marriage. She was once taken prisoner by an enemy tried, which cauased Temujin to have to rescue her. She would later go on to ruling the kingdom with him, and ruled while he was away. She was an aid to him when making decesions, and gave birth to his four sons. (The four that were eligable for becoming a Great Khan). Although Khan had many children and many wives, the four sons Borte gave birth to were the only eligable ones that could become Khans. ("Borte Ujin")

Khutulun

    Khutulun was the daughter of Kaidu and Ögedei. She was good at all the different arts the Mongols valued; horseback riding, archery, and wrestling. As she grew older her wrestling skills grew with her. Eventually she declared that any man who wished to married could so long as they beat her. She also had them bet 100 horses, needles to say by her last breath she had more than 10,000 horses. Since she was great at everything Mongol, she was also a great warrior. (She married someone due to the supposed rumors of her frick-frackling with her father. No, he did not beat her in a wrestling match).  (Bullock. "Badass Ladies of Chinese History: Khutulun") 

Work Cited:

“Genghis Khan.” China Highlights. China Highlights, n.d. Web. 12 Apr. 2015.

“Güyük Khan.” Encyclopædia Iranica. Encyclopædia Iranica, 24 Feb 2012. Web. 29 Apr. 2015,

“Ögedei Khan.” New World Encyclopedia. MediaWiki, 13 June 2014. Web. 31 Apr. 2015.  

“Poisuo, Pauli. “The Mongols.” Listverse. Listverse Ltd, 10 Oct. 2013. Web. 18 Apr. 2015.

“Kublai Khan Timeline.” SoftSchools.com. SoftSchools.com, n.d. Web. 11 May 2015.

“Leaders Quotes.” Brainy Quote. Brainy Quote, n.d. Web. 14 May 2015.

“The Gifts of Government.” Genghis Khan. The Field Museum, n.d. Web. 09 May 2015. 

The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. “Batu Mongol Ruler.” Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., n.d. Web. 02 May 2015. 

The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. “Chagatai Mongol Ruler.” Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., n.d. Web. 06 May 2015.

The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. “Jöchi Mongol Prince.” Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., n.d. Web. 10  May 2015.  

The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. “Ögodei Mongol Khan.” Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., n.d. Web. 06 May 2015. 

“Tului Khan - Mongol Leader.” Epic World History. Blogger, n.d. Web. 11 May 2015.

 

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